Spring在与Apache Tiles框架集成方面提供支持。因此，我们可以借助Spring Tiles支持来简单地管理Spring MVC应用程序的布局。

Spring MVC中使用Tiles支持的优势：

  1. 可重用性： 我们可以在多个页面中重用单个组件，例如头部和页脚组件。
  2. 集中控制： 我们可以通过单个模板页面来控制页面的布局。
  3. 易于更改布局： 借助单个模板页面，我们随时可以更改页面的布局。因此，您的网站可以轻松地采用新技术，如Bootstrap、jQuery等。

目录结构：

spring-mvc-tiles-example-in-eclipse.png

让我们来看一下在Eclipse中的Spring Tiles示例的文件。

Spring MVC Tiles示例：

  1. 将依赖项添加到pom.xml文件中。
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
    <version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version>  
</dependency>  
  <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->  
<dependency>    
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>    
    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>    
    <version>3.0-alpha-1</version>    
</dependency>  
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>  
    <version>1.2</version>  
</dependency>  
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-jasper -->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>  
    <artifactId>tomcat-jasper</artifactId>  
    <version>9.0.12</version>  
</dependency>  
 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tiles/tiles-jsp -->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>  
    <artifactId>tiles-jsp</artifactId>  
    <version>3.0.5</version>  
</dependency>  
      
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tiles/tiles-servlet -->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>  
    <artifactId>tiles-servlet</artifactId>  
    <version>3.0.5</version>  
</dependency>  
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tiles/tiles-core -->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>  
    <artifactId>tiles-core</artifactId>  
    <version>3.0.5</version>  
</dependency>  
   <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.tiles/tiles-el -->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>  
    <artifactId>tiles-el</artifactId>  
    <version>3.0.5</version>  
</dependency>

2.创建bean类

Contact.java

package cn.javatiku.form;  
public class Contact {  
    private String firstname;  
    private String lastname;  
    private String email;  
    private String telephone;  
      
    public String getEmail() {  
        return email;  
    }  
    public String getTelephone() {  
        return telephone;  
    }  
    public void setEmail(String email) {  
        this.email = email;  
    }  
    public void setTelephone(String telephone) {  
        this.telephone = telephone;  
    }  
    public String getFirstname() {  
        return firstname;  
    }  
    public String getLastname() {  
        return lastname;  
    }  
    public void setFirstname(String firstname) {  
        this.firstname = firstname;  
    }  
    public void setLastname(String lastname) {  
        this.lastname = lastname;  
    }  
      
}

##3.创建控制器类

HelloWorldController.java

package cn.javatiku.controller;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.ui.Model;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
@Controller  
public class HelloWorldController {  
    @RequestMapping("/hello")  
    public String helloWorld(Model m) {  
        String message = "Hello World, Spring MVC @ cn.javatiku";  
        m.addAttribute("message", message);  
        return "hello";   
    }  
}

ContactController.java

package cn.javatiku.controller;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
import org.springframework.ui.Model;  
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;  
import cn.javatiku.form.Contact;  
@Controller  
@SessionAttributes  
public class ContactController {  
    @RequestMapping(value = "/addContact", method = RequestMethod.POST)  
    public String addContact(@ModelAttribute("contact") Contact contact, BindingResult result) {  
        //write the code here to add contact  
        return "redirect:contact.html";  
    }  
      
    @RequestMapping("/contact")  
    public String showContacts(Model m) {  
        m.addAttribute("command", new Contact());  
        return "contact";  
    }  
}

4.在web.xml文件中提供控制器的入口

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">  
  <display-name>SpringTiles</display-name>  
  <welcome-file-list>  
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  
  </welcome-file-list>  
  <servlet>  
    <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  
    <servlet-class>  
            org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet  
        </servlet-class>  
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
  </servlet>  
  <servlet-mapping>  
    <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  
    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>  
  </servlet-mapping>  
</web-app>

5.在xml文件中定义bean

spring-servlet.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">  
  
<context:annotation-config />  
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.javatiku.controller" />  
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesViewResolver"/>  
<bean id="tilesConfigurer" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer">  
<property name="definitions">  
<list>  
<value>/WEB-INF/tiles.xml</value>  
</list>  
</property>  
</bean>  
</beans>

6.提供tiles.xml文件

tiles.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
<!DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC  
       "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration 2.0//EN"  
       "http://tiles.apache.org/dtds/tiles-config_2_0.dtd">  
<tiles-definitions>  
    <definition name="base.definition"  
        template="/WEB-INF/jsp/layout.jsp">  
        <put-attribute name="title" value="" />  
        <put-attribute name="header" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/header.jsp" />  
        <put-attribute name="menu" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/menu.jsp" />  
        <put-attribute name="body" value="" />  
        <put-attribute name="footer" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/footer.jsp" />  
    </definition>  
    <definition name="contact" extends="base.definition">  
        <put-attribute name="title" value="Contact Manager" />  
        <put-attribute name="body" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/contact.jsp" />  
    </definition>  
  
    <definition name="hello" extends="base.definition">  
        <put-attribute name="title" value="Hello Spring MVC" />  
        <put-attribute name="body" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp" />  
    </definition>  
  
</tiles-definitions>

7. 创建请求的页面

index.jsp

<a href="hello.html">Hello Spring</a> |   
<a href="contact.html">Contact</a>

8. 创建其他视图组件

hello.jsp

<html>    
<head>    
    <title>Spring MVC Example</title>    
</head>    
<body>    
<h1>Welcome to Spring MVC</h1>    
    <p>Message is: ${message}</p>    
</body>    
</html>

contact.jsp

<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>    
<html>    
<head>    
    <title>Spring Tiles Contact Form</title>    
</head>    
<body>    
<h2>Contact Manager</h2>    
<form:form method="post" action="addContact.html">    
    
    <table>    
    <tr>    
        <td><form:label path="firstname">First Name</form:label></td>    
        <td><form:input path="firstname" /></td>     
    </tr>    
    <tr>    
        <td><form:label path="lastname">Last Name</form:label></td>    
        <td><form:input path="lastname" /></td>    
    </tr>    
    <tr>    
        <td><form:label path="lastname">Email</form:label></td>    
        <td><form:input path="email" /></td>    
    </tr>    
    <tr>    
        <td><form:label path="lastname">Telephone</form:label></td>    
        <td><form:input path="telephone" /></td>    
    </tr>    
    <tr>    
        <td colspan="2">    
            <input type="submit" value="Add Contact"/>    
        </td>    
    </tr>    
</table>      
        
</form:form>    
</body>    
</html>

header.jsp

<h2>Header</h2>    
<hr/>

footer.jsp

<hr/>    
<p>Copyright  2010-2014 javatiku.cn.</p>

menu.jsp

<p>Menu 1</p>    
<p>Menu 2</p>

layout.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles"%>    
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"    
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">    
<html>    
<head>    
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">    
<title><tiles:insertAttribute name="title" ignore="true" /></title>    
</head>    
<body>    
        <div><tiles:insertAttribute name="header" /></div>    
        <div style="float:left;padding:10px;width:15%;"><tiles:insertAttribute name="menu" /></div>    
        <div style="float:left;padding:10px;width:80%;border-left:1px solid pink;">    
        <tiles:insertAttribute name="body" /></div>    
        <div style="clear:both"><tiles:insertAttribute name="footer" /></div>    
    
</body>    
</html>

输出：

spring-mvc-tiles-example-output1.png

spring-mvc-tiles-example-output2.png

spring-mvc-tiles-example-output3.png

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