Spring教程-带有依赖对象的构造函数注入
带有依赖对象的构造函数注入
如果两个类之间存在HAS-A关系,我们首先创建依赖对象(被包含对象),然后将其作为主类构造函数的参数传递。在这里,我们的场景是Employee HAS-A Address。Address类的对象将被称为依赖对象。让我们首先看一下Address类:
Address.java
这个类包含三个属性,一个构造函数和一个toString()方法来返回这些对象的值。
package cn.javatiku;
public class Address {
private String city;
private String state;
private String country;
public Address(String city, String state, String country) {
super();
this.city = city;
this.state = state;
this.country = country;
}
public String toString() {
return city + " " + state + " " + country;
}
}
Employee.java
它包含三个属性:id,name和address(依赖对象),两个构造函数和一个show()方法来显示当前对象的记录,包括依赖对象。
package cn.javatiku;
public class Employee {
private int id;
private String name;
private Address address; // Aggregation
public Employee() {
System.out.println("def cons");
}
public Employee(int id, String name, Address address) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
}
void show() {
System.out.println(id + " " + name);
System.out.println(address.toString());
}
}
applicationContext.xml
在这个XML文件中,我们为Address
和Employee
类定义了bean。我们使用构造函数注入来将依赖的Address
对象传递给Employee
的构造函数。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="a1" class="cn.javatiku.Address">
<constructor-arg value="ghaziabad"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg value="UP"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg value="India"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean id="e" class="com.javatpoint.Employee">
<constructor-arg value="12" type="int"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg value="Sonoo"></constructor-arg>
<constructor-arg>
<ref bean="a1"/>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
</beans>
Test.java
在这个类中,我们创建了一个Spring BeanFactory
,获取了ID为"e"的Employee
bean,并调用了它的show()
方法。
package cn.javatiku;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.*;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Resource r = new ClassPathResource("applicationContext.xml");
BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(r);
Employee s = (Employee) factory.getBean("e");
s.show();
}
}
当你运行Test
类时,它将创建一个ID为12,名为"Sonoo"的Employee
对象,并且它关联的Address
对象具有城市为"ghaziabad",州为"UP",国家为"India"的属性。然后,show()
方法将打印这些信息。